Clinical and Biochemical Effects of Antioxidant Gel as a Local Drug Delivery Agent in Stage II Grade A Periodontitis Patients: A Prospective Clinical Study
This prospective clinical study (published in Cureus), conducted by Nivedha Nedumaran and Arvina Rajasekar, evaluates the efficacy of an antioxidant oral gel (blue®m) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in managing stage II grade A periodontitis. Forty patients were divided into two groups: one receiving SRP alone and the other receiving SRP with the antioxidant gel. Over three months, significant improvements in clinical and biochemical parameters, including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were observed in both groups. The group using the antioxidant gel showed significantly better results in most parameters compared to the control group, indicating its effectiveness in reducing oxidative stress and improving periodontal health.
By Nivedha Nedumaran and Arvina Rajasekar
Department of Periodontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
Abstract
Background: Periodontal tissue breakdown is mainly due to pathogenic bacteria and dysregulated immune response resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) causing tissue degradation. Scaling and root planing (SRP) is usually done for the management of periodontitis. However, it has been reported that adjuncts like antibiotics, antiseptics, and antioxidants in the form of local drug delivery enhance the outcome of SRP.
Aims: The present clinical study aims to examine the efficacy of an antioxidant oral gel (blue®m) as a local drug delivery agent adjunct to SRP in the management of stage II grade A periodontitis in terms of clinical and biochemical parameters.
Materials and methods: The prospective clinical study was conducted among 40 stage II grade A periodontitis patients. The participants were then divided into two groups: Group 1 (Control)-SRP alone (n=20) and Group 2 (Test)-antioxidant gel (Bluem®) with SRP (n=20). Clinical variables including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI),
probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. Saliva (unstimulated) specimens were collected to measure total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Specimen collection and assessment of clinical variables were done before intervention (baseline) and after three months. SPSS Software (Version 20.0, Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp) was used for statistical analysis. Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were done by paired t-test and independent test, respectively. A p-value <0.05 indicated that the result was statistically significant.
Results On intragroup analysis, both the groups at three months revealed statistically significant improvement of PI, GI, PD, CAL, TOS, TAOC, and OSI (p<0.05) from baseline. Intergroup comparison in the third month showed a statistically significant improvement in favor of Group 2 in terms of all the clinical and biochemical parameters (p<0.05) except for PI (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The locally delivered antioxidant gel as an adjunct to SRP seems to be effective in reducing oxidative stress
and improving the periodontal parameters among stage II grade A periodontitis patients.